Diamond is the hardest material naturally occurring in the world. Today, the technology for producing synthetic diamonds has gradually matured. The two main methods for producing synthetic diamonds are High Temperature High Pressure (HTHP) and Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD). Synthetic diamonds are not only advanced inorganic non-metallic materials, but also emerging functional materials. The main forms of synthetic diamonds are single crystal diamonds, diamond micro powder, and cultured diamonds.
Diamond micro powder usually refers to diamond particles with a particle size smaller than 54 microns, including single crystal diamond micro powder and polycrystalline diamond micro powder. Diamond micro powder inherits the superhard characteristics of diamonds, with a Mohs hardness of 10, along with excellent wear resistance. The powder has fine granularity and uniform distribution, which meets the strict precision requirements of various industrial applications.
Preparation of Diamond Micro Powder
The main method for producing diamond micro powder in industry is the static high-temperature high-pressure crushing method. Coarse single crystal diamond particles produced by the static high-temperature high-pressure method are used as raw materials and then processed by crushing, purification, and classification.
High Temperature High Pressure (HTHP) Method for Diamond Raw Materials:
HTHP uses graphite powder and metal catalyst powder as the main raw materials. Hydraulic equipment maintains ultra-high temperatures and pressures, simulating the natural conditions under which diamonds form, producing high-quality diamond crystals.
Crushing and Shaping:
Crushing and shaping processes are crucial in diamond powder production, directly affecting the particle shape and particle size distribution. Coarse materials are usually crushed to micron or submicron sizes using two main methods: mechanical impact and airflow grinding. The drum-type ball mill is primarily used for mechanical crushing, combined with moderate low-speed impact. However, this method has been largely replaced by air jet mills due to their higher efficiency. Airflow mills use compressed air as a working medium to generate high-speed air currents that collide and shear particles, easily achieving micron and submicron levels.
Classification:
Particle size classification is a key step in diamond micro powder production, affecting both production efficiency and quality. Many manufacturers use a combination of natural sedimentation and centrifugal classification methods. These methods are efficient and yield high-quality results.
Diamond Powder Modification:
The finer the diamond powder, the easier it is to agglomerate. This can affect performance during use. To prevent agglomeration, especially for ultra-fine nano/submicron diamonds, it is crucial to disperse them effectively.
Surface Metallization:
Metallizing the surface of diamond powder involves coating a thin metal film or carbide layer on the diamond surface, improving chemical affinity with metals. This enhances diamond welding, sintering, and other properties. Metallization methods include chemical plating, electroplating, salt bath plating, CVD, PVD, and sputter plating.
Coupling Agents/Surface Modifiers:
Coupling agents and surfactants react or adsorb to the diamond surface, enhancing dispersion stability and bonding strength with the matrix material. Surface functionalization, through chemical or photochemical methods, introduces organic functional groups like halogens, amino, carboxyl, carbonyl, and hydroxyl groups to improve interface affinity.
Oxidation Modification:
A non-metallic modification technique uses sol-gel methods to coat a dense non-metallic film on diamond powder. This enhances the powder’s compatibility with resin and ceramic matrices, improving high-temperature oxidation resistance and adhesion.
Applications of Diamond Micro Powder:
- Diamond Wire Saws: Used for cutting materials such as crystalline silicon, sapphire, and precision ceramics.
- Diamond Powder for Grinding: With high hardness and wear resistance, it is ideal for grinding hard alloys, ceramics, gemstones, and optical glass. Used in consumer electronics, mechanical processing, and semiconductors.
- Diamond Composite Discs: Diamond and hard alloys are sintered under high pressure and temperature to create composite discs for drilling engineering in oil and gas exploration.
- Wheels and Other Tools: Used to make grinding wheels, resin grinding blocks, and discs for grinding materials like ceramics, metals, stone, and glass.
Epic Powder
Epic Powder understand the importance of precision in producing materials like diamond micro powder. Our advanced grinding equipment, including the state-of-the-art air jet mills, ensures high-efficiency production of ultra-fine diamond powder. These machines are specifically designed to provide superior particle size distribution and prevent aggregation, essential for various industrial applications. With our cutting-edge technology and extensive experience in powder processing, we offer reliable solutions that meet the stringent requirements of industries such as electronics, mechanical processing, and material engineering.
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